Rural areas with weak distribution networks often suffer from a lack of energy supply reliability,which makes it difficult to widely implement multi-energy complementary systems connected to large-scale photovoltaic. Energy storage systems,as a link to the integration of new energy systems,can effectively improve the reliability of energy supply in such areas. To this end,a cooperative and optimal configuration strategy for rural multi-energy complementary system (RMES) energy storage for weak distribution networks is proposed. Firstly,the RMES architecture including biomass waste energy conversion system is clarified. Secondly,an energy storage configuration evaluation criterion is proposed using the cost of supply deficiency loss of the system as a judgment basis. Finally,the RMES multi-energy storage cooptimal allocation model is established to take into account the total life cycle cost of energy storage. The model is decoupled and transformed into a two-layer optimization model with two stages of planning operation,and solved by a hybrid strategy combining particle swarm algorithm and Gurobi solver. The analysis of the algorithm shows that the proposed energy storage configuration evaluation criteria effectively motivate RMES to deploy energy storage. In addition,the developed multi-variate energy storage configuration model enables RMES to show better economic and environmental benefits,and is superior in improving system reliability.