计及风光不确定性的数据中心电算协同多目标优化策略
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TM73

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52406227);贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2025] 一般021,黔科合支撑DXGA[2025] 一般007)


A multi-objective power-computing collaborative optimization strategy for data centers considering wind and solar uncertainty
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    摘要:

    数据中心规模快速发展是智能化时代必然趋势,为解决其高能耗、高碳排的问题,文中提出一种计及风光不确定性的数据中心电算协同多目标优化模型。首先,为减弱新能源出力不确定性对系统运行的影响,采用改进k-means方法对全年风、光出力预测场景进行缩减,得到最佳典型场景。然后,在数据中心算力负载及储能设备灵活性的基础上,以数据中心日总成本和弃风弃光率最小为目标函数,建立电算协同优化模型。最后,采用最优场景下新能源出力进行模拟,采用带有精英选择策略的非支配遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ, NSGA-Ⅱ)对优化模型进行求解,得到数据中心的最佳运行方案。通过仿真分析验证该模型的有效性,结果表明考虑风-光-储联合运行及算力负载灵活性的模型,能够在降低数据中心日总成本和提升新能源消纳率的同时兼顾用户满意度。

    Abstract:

    The rapid expansion of data centers is an inevitable trend in the intelligent era. To address the challenges of high energy consumption and carbon emissions, a multi-objective optimization model for power-computing collaboration in data centers is proposed, with uncertainty in renewable energy output considered. An improved k-means algorithm is applied to reduce annual forecast scenarios of wind and solar power output. A set of typical representative scenarios is extracted to mitigate the impact of renewable energy uncertainty on system operation. Based on the flexibility of computing loads and energy storage systems, a collaborative optimization model is constructed. The objectives minimize the daily total cost of data center operation and the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy. The optimization model is solved under the optimal scenario of renewable energy output using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) with an elitism selection strategy. The results demonstrate that joint scheduling of wind, solar, and storage systems, together with flexible computing loads can effectively reduce daily operating costs, and improve renewable energy utilization, and maintain user satisfaction.

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王一航,张靖,何宇,严儒井,敖炫.计及风光不确定性的数据中心电算协同多目标优化策略[J].电力工程技术,2026,45(5):40-49. WANG Yihang, ZHANG Jing, HE Yu, YAN Rujing, AO Xuan. A multi-objective power-computing collaborative optimization strategy for data centers considering wind and solar uncertainty[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology,2026,45(5):40-49.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-22
  • 最后修改日期:2025-11-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-05-27
  • 出版日期: 2026-05-28
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