气压和湿度变化下的流注放电过程仿真研究
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TM852

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52007117)


Simulation on streamer discharge process under changes in air pressure and humidity
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    摘要:

    局部放电会对电气设备绝缘性能构成严重威胁。流注放电是高压领域气体放电的主要形式,也是气隙放电研究中的关键问题。电力设备在运行过程中会受到湿度、气压等外部环境的影响,因此研究不同外界条件对绝缘缺陷放电的影响对高海拔(低气压)和高湿度地区输电线路及输变电设备的设计和运行有重要意义。文中分析国内外外部条件对放电过程影响的研究现状,基于流体动力学模型,在COMSOL环境下建立尖端缺陷流注放电仿真模型,并利用该模型研究间隙距离为3 mm的尖端缺陷的流注放电过程在外界条件变化下的影响情况。研究结果表明,气压下降会加速流注传播速度,稍降低流注头部电场强度最大值,并加剧流注放电电离程度;湿度升高会加速流注传播速度,对流注头部电场强度最大值影响不大,但会加剧流注放电电离程度。以流注头部距离阴极1.5 mm为例,气压由101.325 kPa下降至81.060 kPa,会导致流注传播速度加快0.56$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ m/s,头部电场强度减少0.633$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ V/m,头部光强度增加1.675$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{28}}\;{\text{m}}^{{-3}}$/s;湿度由3.04 g$ \text{/}{\text{m}}^{\text{3}} $上升至13.04 g$ \text{/}{\text{m}}^{\text{3}} $,会导致流注传播速度加快0.08$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ m/s,头部电场强度减少0.015$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ V/m,头部光强度增加0.865$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{28}}\;{\text{m}}^{{-3}} $/s。

    Abstract:

    Partial discharge poses a serious threat to the insulation performance of electrical equipment,with streamer discharge being the main form of gas discharge in high-voltage fields and a key issue in the study of gas gap discharge. Due to the influence of external factors such as humidity and air pressure during the operation of electrical equipment,studying the effects of different external conditions on insulation defect discharge is of great significance for the design and operation of transmission lines and substations in high-altitude (low-pressure) and high-humidity areas. The current research status of the impact of external conditions on the discharge process at home and abroad is analyzed in this paper. Based on the fluid dynamics model,a simulation model of streamer discharge at sharp defects is established in the COMSOL environment. Using this model,the influence of external conditions on the streamer discharge process of sharp defects with a gap distance of 3 mm is studied. The research results indicate that a decrease in air pressure accelerates the propagation speed of the streamer,slightly reduces the maximum electric field intensity at the streamer head,and exacerbates the ionization degree of the streamer discharge. An increase in humidity accelerates the propagation speed of the streamer,with little impact on the maximum electric field intensity at the streamer head but exacerbates the ionization degree of the streamer discharge. Taking the example of a streamer head distance of 1.5 mm from the cathode,a decrease in air pressure from 101.325 kPa to 81.060 kPa results in an acceleration of streamer propagation speed by 0.56$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ m/s,a decrease in head electric field intensity by 0.633$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ V/m,and an increase in head luminosity by 1.675$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{28}}\;{\text{m}}^{{-3}}/\text{s} $. An increase in humidity from 3.04 g$ \text{/}{\text{m}}^{\text{3}} $ to 13.04 g$ \text{/}{\text{m}}^{\text{3}} $ results in an acceleration of streamer propagation speed by 0.08$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}\text{}} $ m/s,a decrease in head electric field intensity by 0.015$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{6}} $ V/m,and an increase in head luminosity by 0.865$ \text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{28}}\;{\text{m}}^{{-3}}/\text{s} $.

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田晓云,翟春雨,岳永刚,张德强,赵琴,宋辉.气压和湿度变化下的流注放电过程仿真研究[J].电力工程技术,2025,44(2):239-249

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-05
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-04-03
  • 出版日期: 2025-03-28
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