计及构网型新能源主动支撑特性的频率紧急控制适应性分析
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国家重点研发计划资助项目“无常规电源支撑的大规模新能源发电基地稳定运行及直流送出关键技术”(2022YFB2402700);国家电网有限公司科技项目(5100-202199558A-0-5-ZN)


Analysis of the adaptability of frequency emergency control considering the active support characteristics of grid-forming new energy
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    摘要:

    随着高比例新能源的接入,同步机不断被替代,一方面导致系统惯量降低,另一方面短路故障下新能源的低电压穿越特性可能导致系统承受短时性功率扰动,使电网频率快速跌落,而频率紧急控制作为保障电网故障后频率安全的重要手段,可能出现由动作不及时或动作量不当引起的系统高频或低频问题。为此,文中首先建立计及频率紧急控制的频率响应模型,研究典型工况下紧急控制的有效性边界,进一步建立考虑频率紧急控制与构网型新能源的频率响应模型。然后,在此基础上,综合分析新能源不同功率备用、下垂控制系数等调频参数对频率紧急控制有效性的影响,给出确保紧急控制有效的构网型新能源的调频性能要求。最后,在IEEE 10机39节点系统中验证了所提频率模型及紧急控制有效性边界的合理性。结果表明,构网型新能源参与调频能有效提升紧急控制有效性边界,且其功率备用对频率紧急控制的上下边界影响较大。

    Abstract:

    With the access of high proportions of new energy,synchronous generators are gradually phased out. On one hand,system inertia is reduced. On the other hand,during short-circuit faults,the low-voltage ride-through characteristics of new energy may result in short-term power disturbance,leading to rapid drops in grid frequency. Frequency emergency control,as a critical measure to safeguard frequency stability after grid faults,may encounter issues such as delayed actions or improper control actions resulting in high or low frequency events. To address these challenges,a frequency response model incorporating frequency emergency control is established. The boundaries of emergency control effectiveness under typical conditions are studied. Furthermore,a frequency response model that considers both frequency emergency control and grid-forming new energy is developed. Based on this model,the influence of various frequency control parameters,such as power reserves of new energy and droop control coefficients,on the effectiveness of frequency emergency control is analyzed comprehensively. Requirements for frequency regulation performance of grid-forming new energy to ensure effective emergency control are provided. Finally,the frequency model and the proposed effectiveness boundaries of emergency control are verified using simulations on the IEEE 10-machine 39-bus system. The results show that the participation of grid-forming new energy in frequency regulation can effectively extend the operating boundaries of emergency control,and its power reserve has a significant impact on the upper and lower boundaries of frequency emergency control effectiveness.

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王双双,吴雪莲,李兆伟,朱玲,戴玉臣,蔡德福.计及构网型新能源主动支撑特性的频率紧急控制适应性分析[J].电力工程技术,2025,44(2):80-89

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-07
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-04-03
  • 出版日期: 2025-03-28
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