In order to cope with the closed environment of the power distribution room, the poor air permeability, the high temperature and solve the problem that the high temperature affects the safe operation of the power equipment, it is necessary to study the prediction model of the temperature change of the power distribution room for temperature regulation and control.The prediction model for temperature variation of power distribution rooms based on grey box theory is proposed, which provides a model basis for automatic control of power distribution room temperature.Firstly, the basic structure of the power distribution room is introduced.Then the thermoelectric model of the power distribution room is obtained according to the physics knowledge of heat transfer, dynamics and thermoelectric similarity theory.Next, using the time series of relevant data, the unknown physical parameters in the model is estimated based on the gray box method.Meanwhile, the rationality of the model is verified through their auto-correlation matrix.Finally, the one-step and six-step predicted temperature values of the model are compared with actual temperature values.The results not only show that the model can better describe the thermodynamic characteristics of power distribution room, also indicate that it is consistent with the actual temperature changes in the distribution room.